Charity in Islam Zakat and Sadaqah
The Concept of Charity in Islam Zakat and Sadaqah Explained 
Islam ek deen hai jo insaniyat ki khidmat aur dusron ki madad par bohot zyada zor deta hai. Charity, yaani khudai madad, Islam ke bunyadi pillars mein se ek hai. Do ahem shaklein hain charity ki Zakat aur Sadaqah. Dono ka maqsad insani khidmat hai, magar inka tareeqa aur ahmiyat thodi mukhtalif hai.
Zakat: Farz Charity
Zakat ek wajib ibadat hai jo har muslim par farz hai agar wo financial threshold ya “Nisab” ko paar kare. Quran mein Allah ne zakat ko mention kiya hai as a purification of wealth.
Zakat ka matlab hai “cleanse” ya “purify.” Ye ek percentage (2.5%) hoti hai jo apni savings aur maal se nikal kar gareeb aur zaruratmand logon ko di jati hai.
Zakat Kin Logon Ko Di Jati Hai?
Quran mein 8 categories mention ki gayi hain jo zakat ke mustahiq hain:
- Faqeer (Jo kuch nahi rakhta).
- Miskeen (Jo zaruratmand hai).
- Zakat collectors.
- Wo jin ke dil Islam ki taraf inclined hain.
- Ghulamon ki azadi ke liye.
- Qarzdaar logon ke liye.
- Allah ke raaste mein (e.g., da’wah ya jihad).
- Musafir jo stranded ho.
Zakat ka system insaniyat mein equality aur social justice promote karta hai. Ye ameer aur gareeb ke darmiyan ek balance create karta hai.
Sadaqah: Voluntary Charity
Sadaqah ek optional aur voluntary act hai jo kisi bhi waqt aur kisi bhi maqsad ke liye diya ja sakta hai. Ye sirf paison tak limited nahi, balki kisi ko help karna, achi baat kehna, ya muskurana bhi Sadaqah kehlata hai.
Sadaqah ki Misalein:
- Gareebon ko kapray aur khana dena.
- Kisi ki education support karna.
- Pani ka intezam karna (e.g., well ya water cooler lagana).
- Dusron ke saath kindness aur compassion ka izhar.
Farq Zakat aur Sadaqah Mein
- Farz aur Nafli: Zakat har eligible Muslim par wajib hai, jabke Sadaqah ek nafl ibadat hai jo kisi bhi waqt di ja sakti hai.
- Miqdar: Zakat ka ek fixed percentage hai, lekin Sadaqah ka koi limit nahi.
- Purpose: Zakat ka maqsad gareebon ki bhalai aur maal ki purification hai, jabke Sadaqah ka maksad Allah ki khushi aur insani madad hai.
Charity ka Maqsad
Islam mein charity ka aim sirf madad karna nahi, balki ek strong aur united community ka tahaffuz hai. Jab insaan apna maal dusron ke saath share karta hai, to Allah usko aur barhata hai.
Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) ne farmaya:
“The believer’s shade on the Day of Resurrection will be his charity.”
(Al-Tirmidhi)
Is liye, har Muslim ko chahiye ke wo Zakat aur Sadaqah dono mein hissa le aur apne aas paas ke logon ke liye ek rahmat ka zariya bane.
