Jerusalem Ki Azadi Aur Salahuddin Ayyubi
Jerusalem Ki Azadi – Ek Tareekhi Dastaan 
Jerusalem, jise Bait-ul-Muqaddas bhi kaha jata hai, dunya ke tareekhi aur mazhabi tor par sab se ahem shehron me se ek hai. Yeh shehar Musalmanon, Isaiyon aur Yahudiyon ke liye muqaddas hai. Magar tareekh gawah hai ke is sheher par kai martaba hamle hue, aur iski azadi ke liye kai jangein ladi gayin.
Sab se mashhoor aur azeem jang Salahuddin Ayyubi ki qiyadat me 1187 me hui, jisme Salibiyon (Crusaders) se Jerusalem ki azadi hasil ki gayi. Yeh sirf ek jang nahi thi, balki insaaf aur aman ka paigham tha.
Jerusalem Ka Pehlay Qabza Aur Zulm
1099 me Pehli Salibi Jang ke doran Christian Crusaders ne Bait-ul-Muqaddas par qabza kar liya. Jab Salibi fauj sheher me daakhil hui, to uno ne bina kisi shafqat ke Muslim aur Yahoodi awaam ka qatal عام kiya. Masajid aur ibadat gahain tak mehfooz na rahi. Masjid Al-Aqsa ko khoon se bhar diya gaya, aur tareekhi riwayat ke mutabiq karib 70,000 Musalmanon ko shaheed kar diya gaya.
Salibiyon ne Jerusalem par 88 saal tak hukoomat ki, aur is arsay me Muslimon par bohot zulm dhaya gaya. Isai hukumraan King Baldwin aur uske baad Guy de Lusignan ka taqatwar hukoomat ban gayi.
Salahuddin Ayyubi Ka Urooj Aur Istehkam
12vi sadi me Salahuddin Ayyubi ne Misr aur Sham (Syria) ko mila kar ek taqatwar Islami saltanat qayam ki. Unki siyasat sirf jung par mabni nahi thi, balki unho ne ikhlaqiyat, adalat aur rehmat ka misaal qaim ki. Unho ne Islami fouj ko dobara tashkil diya aur Salibiyon se mukhtalif moqon par mukabla kiya.
Salibiyon ka ek sipahsalar Reynald de Châtillon bohot jarihim aur zalim tha. Usne Musalman tijarti qafilon aur Hajiyon par hamle karne shuru kar diye. Usne ek martaba wada toda aur Makkah aur Madinah par hamla karne ki dhamki bhi di. Yeh Salahuddin ke liye bardasht se bahar tha.
Jang-e-Hattin (1187) – Bait-ul-Muqaddas Ki Fateh Ki Chabi
1187 me Jang-e-Hattin hui, jo tareekh ki sab se ahem jangon me se ek hai. Salahuddin ne apni taqatwar Islami fouj ke sath Salibiyon ka muqabla kiya. 4 July 1187 ko yeh jang ladi gayi aur Salahuddin ne aik azeem fateh hasil ki.
Is jang ke baad King Guy de Lusignan aur Reynald de Châtillon ko qaid kar liya gaya. Salahuddin ne Guy ko zinda chhod diya, magar Reynald de Châtillon ko apne haathon se qatal kiya, kyunki usne Musalmanon par bohot zulm kiye thay.
Jang-e-Hattin ke baad poora rasta Jerusalem ki fatah ke liye khul gaya.
Jerusalem Ka Muhasira (1187)
Salahuddin Ayyubi ne 20 September 1187 ko Jerusalem ka muhassira shuru kiya. Salibiyon ka sardar Balian of Ibelin tha, jo apni taqatwar fauj ke sath shahar ka difa kar raha tha. Musalman fauj ne har taraf se sheher ko gher liya, aur kuch dinon me Salibiyon ki himmat toot gayi.
2 October 1187 ko Jerusalem azad ho gaya! Salahuddin ne apni waada shikani aur zulm se hatke, rehmat aur insaaf ka nizaam qayam kiya.
Salahuddin Ka Insaniyat Pasandana Rawaiya
Jab 1099 me Salibiyon ne sheher fatah kiya tha, to unho ne Muslim aur Yahoodi awaam ka qatal عام kiya tha. Magar jab Salahuddin ne sheher fatah kiya, to unho ne kisi par zulm nahi kiya.
✅ Christian aur Yahoodi logon ko amaan di gayi.
✅ Jo log chahain, wo fidiya de kar azad ho sakte thay.
✅ Masjid Al-Aqsa ko dobara Musalmanon ke qabze me diya gaya.
Salahuddin ke in insaniyat pasand iqdamat ki tareef Christian tareekh nigar bhi karte hain. Yeh sirf ek jang ki fatah nahi thi, balki Islam ki taalimaat ka jeeta jaagta saboot tha.
Teesri Salibi Jang Aur Sulah-e-Ramla (1192)
Jerusalem ki azadi ke baad Christian duniya me halchal mach gayi. England ka badshah Richard the Lionheart ne Teesri Salibi Jang (1189-1192) ka aghaz kiya.
Richard aur Salahuddin ke darmiyan kayi jangain hui, lekin Salahuddin ka imaan, strategy aur adalat uska sab se bara hathiyar tha. Aakhir kar Sulah-e-Ramla hui, jisme yeh tay hua ke:
✅ Jerusalem Musalmanon ke qabze me rahega.
✅ Christian Hajiyon ko azadi se ziyarat ki ijazat hogi.
✅ Dono faujain sulah ka ahtram karengi.
Richard the Lionheart ne bhi Salahuddin ke husn-e-akhlaq ka iqraar kiya.
Salahuddin Ki Wafaat Aur Wirasat
4 March 1193 ko Salahuddin Damascus me wafat pa gaye. Unka aakhri waqt bohot sadgi bhara tha – unke paas na maal-daulat thi, na hi jagirain. Yeh ek azeem sipahsalar ki nishani hai jo sirf Islam ki khidmat ke liye jeeta hai.
Nateeja – Jerusalem Ki Azadi Ka Paigham
Jerusalem ki azadi sirf ek jang ki jeet nahi thi, balki ek azeem maqasad ka nateeja thi. Salahuddin Ayyubi ne duniya ko yeh dikhaya ke Islam sirf talwar nahi, balki aman, adalat aur insaniyat ka deen hai.
Aaj bhi Jerusalem (Bait-ul-Muqaddas) Muslim, Christian aur Yahoodi mazhab ka markazi shehar hai. Yeh shehar hamesha se tareekhi aur mazhabi ehmiyat ka markaz raha hai, aur uski azadi ki yeh kahani hamesha yaad rakhi jayegi.
